Features for Kiriyow (Creole)

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Phonology

Vowel Quality Inventories WALS Average (5-6)
Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives WALS In both plosives and fricatives
Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems WALS None missing in /p t k b d g/
Uvular Consonants WALS None
Glottalized Consonants WALS Implosives only
Lateral Consonants WALS /l/, no obstruent laterals
The Velar Nasal WALS No velar nasal
Vowel Nasalization WALS Contrast present
Front Rounded Vowels WALS None
Syllable Structure WALS Moderately complex
Tone WALS No tones
Absence of Common Consonants WALS All present
Presence of Uncommon Consonants WALS None

Morphology

Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives WALS No case
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb WALS 0-1 category per word
Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology WALS Little affixation
Reduplication WALS Full reduplication only
Case Syncretism WALS No case marking
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking WALS No subject person/number marking

Nominal Categories

Number of Genders WALS None
Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems WALS No gender
Systems of Gender Assignment WALS No gender
Coding of Nominal Plurality WALS Plural complete reduplication
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality WALS All nouns, always optional
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS Person stem + nominal plural affix
The Associative Plural WALS No associative plural
Definite Articles WALS Demonstrative word used as definite article
Indefinite Articles WALS No indefinite, but definite article
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns WALS No inclusive/exclusive
Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection WALS No person marking
Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives WALS Two-way contrast
Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives WALS Identical
Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns WALS No gender distinctions
Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns WALS No politeness distinction
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns WALS Identical
Number of Cases WALS No morphological case-marking
Asymmetrical Case-Marking WALS No case-marking
Ordinal Numerals WALS One, two, three
Numeral Classifiers WALS Absent

Nominal Syntax

Obligatory Possessive Inflection WALS Absent
Possessive Classification WALS No possessive classification
Nominal and Verbal Conjunction WALS Identity

Verbal Categories

Perfective/Imperfective Aspect WALS Grammatical marking
The Past Tense WALS Present, no remoteness distinctions
The Future Tense WALS No inflectional future
Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes WALS No tense-aspect inflection
The Morphological Imperative WALS No second-person imperatives
The Optative WALS Inflectional optative absent
Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking WALS Overlap for both possibility and necessity
Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality WALS No grammatical evidentials
Coding of Evidentiality WALS No grammatical evidentials

Word Order

Order of Subject, Object and Verb WALS VSO
Order of Subject and Verb WALS VS
Order of Object and Verb WALS VO
Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase WALS Prepositions
Order of Adjective and Noun WALS Adjective-Noun
Order of Demonstrative and Noun WALS Demonstrative-Noun
Order of Degree Word and Adjective WALS Degree word-Adjective

Simple Clauses

Verbal Person Marking WALS No person marking
Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking WALS No person marking
Order of Person Markers on the Verb WALS A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb
Passive Constructions WALS Present
Antipassive Constructions WALS No antipassive
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation WALS Symmetric
Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation WALS Non-assignable
Nominal and Locational Predication WALS Identical
Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals WALS Impossible

Lexicon

Hand and Arm WALS Different
Finger and Hand WALS Different
Numeral Bases WALS Decimal
Green and Blue WALS Green vs. blue
Red and Yellow WALS Red vs. yellow

Other

Writing Systems WALS Alphabetic

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